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What a exciting assignment: Clematis! For three years I've been learning from the folks at Gardenbuddies about clematis! There is a lot to learn; varieties, zones, pruning groups, clingers, sprawlers, full sun, 1/2 sun, giant vines to small patio types, early, mid, and late bloomers, disease, pinching back, when to plant, when to fertilize, what clematis with what rose, small, medium and large flowering, and lots more. There's something that will appeal to most everyone about the lovely clematis! We have all seen some amazingly beautiful clematis posted here at Gardenbuddies. In fact at this writing there are 14,145 post in the clematis archives! That's well over 1/3 of all GB archives. Guess we love to discuss and show off our clematis! After a little history and anatomy lesson some of these gardenbuddy clematis pictures will be pleasingly familiar. Do enjoy!

After a little history and anatomy lesson, we will be able to see (sometimes once more) some Gardenbuddy lovelies. Do enjoy!

Some History From:

‘An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Clematis’ by Mary Toomey and Everett Leeds and Charles Chessire.

In case you've never wandered through it's informative and lovely pages, I recommend you do so. It's a veritable wealth of information and there are countless clematis to drool over thanks to Charles Chesshire the Photography Editor. Although familiar to gardeners for generations, Clematis has soared in popularity in recent years. Advances around the world in the breeding of large-flowered hybrids have added dramatically to an astonishing diversity of flower shapes and colours. Add the fact that clematis can be found in bloom almost every month of the year and it becomes apparent why the genus has been justifiably crowned the queen of climbers. Here's another excerpt from the chapter "History and Botany of Clematis" (same book) (Excerpt II)

Introduction of the sixteen to nineteenth centuries

From a gardener's point of view the clematis came into it's own as far back as 1569 when the first species, Clematis viticella from southeastern Europe, was introduced into Britain, followed closely by C. integrifolia, C. cirrohosa, and C. flammula in 1596 and C. recta in 1597, from southern and eastern Europe. All four of these species are in cultivation today. After a flurry of activity, there was a long pause of almost a century before the North American species joined the Europeans in Britain. Clematis crispa was introduced in 1726, followed by the leather flower, C. Viorna, in 1730. Neither of these American species played a role in future hybridization programmes, which gave rise to a number of excellent colourful cultivars. Soon afterwards, in 1731, C. orientalis arrived from northern Asia.

The second half of the 18th century ushered in a very important Chinese species Clematis Florida, a native of Hubei province in western China.

Of all the Clematis species introduced into Europe during the 18th century, C. Florida appears to have caused the greatest flutter. It was believed for a long time that Carl Peter Thunberg introduced it into Sweden from Japan in 1776; however, according to Raymond Evison, author of The Gardener's Guide to Growing Clematis (1998), and Magnus Johnson, a distinguished Swedish clematarian and author of Slätek Klematis (1996), the herbarium specimen held in the University of Uppsala is not typical of C. Florida but bears close resemblance to an unnamed poor for of C. 'Sieboldii,' and C. florida 'Bicolor.' Clematis 'Sieboldii ' was introduced into the Leiden Botanic Garden in the Netherlands in 1837, by it's director Philipp von Siebold. Soon after its introduction, C. Sieboldii sported to produce another double-flowered cultivar, C. 'Plena,' also known as C. florida 'Alba Plena.' Both C. 'Sieboldii' and C. 'Plena' were introduced from the Netherlands into the British Isles in 1836. The history from there is extensive and interesting but in the interest of time and space, I shall move on to other areas of interest about the world of clematis.

This the anatomy of the clematis as we view it. The only discrepancy is the use of the word 'tepal' v. 'sepal.' Being an American, it seems like they should be called petals!

(Excerpt III)

Clematis Groups

With so many different species and cultivars available to modern gardeners, the task of selecting suitable clematis for the garden may not be easy. Botanists and some gardeners who specialize in clematis are primarily concerned with all the detailed botanical characteristics of plants, be they species or cultivars. On the other hand, most gardeners are interested in choosing the right plants for their gardens according to growth habit; height, flowering times; colour, shape, and size of flowers; and uses in the garden. They also want to know how well the selected clematis grows with other garden plants. Therefore, to make t he most of clematis as garden plants, it would be helpful to have a knowledge of the different groups of clematis.

Large Flowering Clematis

The large-flowered cultivars can be further subdivided into early flowering and late-flowering groups. As a rule, the early flowering cultivars flower on old wood, that is on riped wood made during the previous year(s). Therefore they require little or no pruning in early spring.

Small-flowered clematis

Unlike the large-flowering clematis, which can be conveniently placed into two main groups according to their flowering times, the small-flowered species and cultivars are best placed in nine different groups, taking into account their flowering times—early or late.

The early small flowered clematis are subdivided into four groups. The Evergreen Group includes plants from Armandii, Cirrhosa, and Forsteri Groups, such as Clematis armandii, C. cirrhosa, C.’Joe’ and C. marmoraria. The Alpina Group is represented by C. alpine, C. ‘Ruby,’ and C. ‘Willy’, and the Macropetala Group by C. macropetala and C. ‘Maidwell Hall’. Clematis belonging to these two groups are also known as the Atragene Group. The fourth subdivision, the Montana Group, includes C. ‘Freda’, C.’Marjorie, and C. Montana.

The late small-flowered ckenatus are subdivided into five groups. The Herbaceous Group includes species and cultivars from the Integrifolia and Heracleifolia Groups, such as Clematis ‘Durandii,’ C . heracleifolia, and C. integrifolia. The viticella Group is composed of two species, C. campaniflora and C. viticella and cultivars such as C. ‘Abundance’, C. ‘Etoile Violette’, and C. ‘Venosa Violacea.’ The Texensis-Viorna Group includes plants such as C. ‘Etoile Rose’, C. ‘texensis’, and C. viorna. The Tangutica Group (yellow-flowered clematis) is represented by C. ‘Bill MacKenzie’, C. ‘Kugota’, (Golden Tiara [trademark]), C. orientalis, and C. tangutica. The fifth group is made up of other late-flowering species and cultivars, such as C. flammula, C. grata, and C. ‘Western Virgin.’

Now for an anatomy lesson of a large-flowering clematis:

For more reading on Clematis see Google's search results for books books on Clematis

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Written by Sunnyday2day

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